A non-functional kidney is a serious medical condition where one of the kidneys loses its ability to perform its normal functions of filtering blood, balancing electrolytes, and regulating fluid levels. This condition can result from a variety of underlying causes, ranging from congenital abnormalities to acquired diseases such as chronic obstruction, severe infections, or vascular … Read more
The juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA) is a specialized structure within the kidney that plays a pivotal role in regulating blood pressure, fluid balance, and electrolyte homeostasis. It is strategically located near the glomerulus, where it can monitor changes in blood flow, sodium concentration, and systemic pressure. The JGA accomplishes these tasks through the secretion of several … Read more
During routine ultrasound imaging, some patients are found to have anatomical variations in their kidneys that can be confusing if not properly understood. One such variation is the dromedary hump” of the right kidney, a benign protrusion that can appear on an ultrasound scan. Despite its unusual appearance, this condition is generally harmless and does … Read more